Issues related to conflicts and crises are likely to be subjects of the humanities and social sciences. A culture of peace is a scientific culture that builds peace through both conceptual and empirical tools. Consequently, security and peace are human constructs in the short, medium, and long term, and the humanities can address them through approaches that resolve issues of cohesion and coherence within the contingencies of categories and divisions among communities, societies, and all societal processes.
The research therefore asks, “How can the sciences in general, and particularly the humanities and social sciences, interrogate the contingencies of peace in the deconstruction of processes that undermine peace in the minds of people?” Within each of the humanities, examining the “trajectories of conviction” of theories allows us to identify, from a shared perspective, epistemological orientations for each variable of social action capable of fostering representations, attitudes, and behaviors that build peace within communities, nations, and so on.

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This study compared the KORR CardioCoach Pro metabolic system to the COSMED  clinical-research system during submaximal steady-state exercise and maximal aerobic capacity. Eighteen adults (50.3 ± 11.9 yrs old, 78.6 ± 10.6 kg, 25.6 ± 8.0 % body fat, and cardiovascular fitness rank equaled 83^rd percentile) completed the validation phase while nine subjects were randomly assigned to the test-retest phase. Metabolic data was collected simultaneously with both systems. VO₂ max (mls • kg • min^-1) was not significantly different between systems (COSMED = 40.3 ± 5.7; KORR = 41.5 ± 5.8; ES = 0.21). There were no between-system differences for max ventilation, tidal volume, respiration rate, carbon dioxide production, or respiratory exchange ratio. The intra-class correlation (ICC) and regression slope between the two systems showed excellent agreement (ICC: 0.95; r-squared = 0.94; p = 0.0001; SEE = 1.4 mls • kg^-1 • min^-1). During submaximal exercise, no statistical between-system differences were observed.  The intra-class correlation (ICC) and regression slope between the two systems showed excellent agreement (ICC: 0.92; r-squared = 0.937; p = 0.0001; SEE = 0.058 mls • kg^-1 • min^-1). There results indicate the KORR metabolic system accurately measured metabolism during both submaximal and maximal cycling.

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This paper seeks to study the social dimensions of the working of the military- labour market in the Deccan region, from the 14th to the 17th century, with special reference to an African diaspora group in medieval India, that is, the Habshis, an ethnic group of Ethiopian extraction. In order to better appreciate the distinctions and commonalities of their trajectory of societal evolution in comparison to other social groups within the contemporary Deccan, a comparative study of the Habshis with another ethnic group, the Marathas, has been attempted as a case study. It is aimed at investigating how two distinct patterns of military-labour engagement, that is, through military slavery in case of the Habshis, as well as through enlisting the support of freeborn auxiliaries in case of the Marathas, impacted the social evolution of these two communities, as well as the various dimensions of that impact. Dimensions such as the upward social mobility of these groups, the caste-class location that their rise conferred upon them, the question of gender, as well as how their distinct vintages had an impact on their subsequent demographic development, will be taken up for investigation in this study.

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As new academic disciplines, information and communication sciences, like any new discipline, have faced difficulties integrating into the broader scientific community. In France, they have ultimately settled into the category of interdisciplinary fields. Their binary structure—information science and communication science—has proven to be somewhat unequal. The scientific community and the journal that represent them also reflect this perception.

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